Silicon is a metalloid and it can form compounds with metals as well as nonmetals.Silicon is a metalloid and hence its properties are similar to that of metals as well as nonmetals.Out of all the isotopes of silicon, the stable isotope is 28Si.The melting point and boiling point of silicon is 1414 ☌ and 3265 ☌ respectively.Liquid silicon has higher density than solid silicon.Silicon carbide (SiC) is a very hard material and its hardness is near to the hardness of diamond.Silicon is a solid metalloid having a shiny bluish-tinged surface.Here is a list of some physical properties and chemical properties of silicon. Silicosis is a disease that occurs by inhaling silicon dust.Silicon also helps in strengthening the plant cell wall.Silicon is a semiconductor and its electrical conductivity increases with the increase in temperature.Silicon is also present in the meteorites.Because of this reason, 27% of the earth’s crust is silicon. Most of the compounds present in the earth’s crust contain silicon in it.Silicon is found from the earth’s crust as a compound with other elements.Silicon is the 2 nd most abundant element present in the earth’s crust.Here are a few interesting facts about silicon element. H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La* Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac** Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og * Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu ** Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No LrĬlick on above elements in the periodic table to see their information. Appearance of silicon Reflective solid with bluish-tinged surface Atomic number of silicon 14 Symbol of silicon Si Atomic mass of silicon 28.085 u Protons, Neutrons & Electrons in silicon Protons: 14, Neutrons: 14, Electrons: 14 State of silicon (at STP) Solid Group number of silicon in periodic table 14 Period number of silicon in periodic table 3 Block of silicon in periodic table p-block Category of silicon Metalloids Bohr model or Electrons per shell or Electrons arrangement in silicon 2, 8, 4 Electron configuration of silicon 3s 2 3p 2 Orbital diagram of silicon Valence electrons in silicon 4 Electronegativity of silicon (on pauling scale) 1.9 Atomic radius of silicon (van der Waals radius) 210 picometers Density of silicon 2.33 g/cm 3 1st ionization energy of silicon 8.152 eV Main isotope of silicon 28Si Melting point of silicon 1687 K or 1414 ☌ or 2577 ☏ Boiling point of silicon 3538 K or 3265 ☌ or 5909 ☏ Crystal structure of silicon Diamond cubic Discovery of silicon By Jons Jacob Berzelius in 1823Īlso see: Interactive Periodic Table (It has rotating bohr models as well as many other details of all the 118 elements in a single periodic table). The important data related to silicon element is given in the table below. Uses of Silicon Silicon Element (Information Table). There is a lot more information related to silicon which is mentioned in the Information Table given below. Silicon is in the p-block and it is classified as a metalloid on the periodic table. Silicon element (Si) is in group 14 and period 3 of a periodic table.
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